Breeding mason bees for the pollination of fruit orchards in Central Europe

Authors

  • Martin Šlachta Department of Ecosystem Functional Analysis of the Landscape, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lipová 1789/9, 370 05 České Budějovice
  • Alena Votavová Research Institute for Fodder Crops, Ltd. Troubsko, Zahradní 400/1, 664 41 Troubsko,
  • Tomáš Erban Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Praha 6 – Ruzyně
  • Ondřej Cudlín Department of Ecosystem Functional Analysis of the Landscape, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lipová 1789/9, 370 05 České Budějovice
  • Pavel Cudlín Department of Ecosystem Functional Analysis of the Landscape, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lipová 1789/9, 370 05 České Budějovice

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14712/23361964.2022.2

Keywords:

artificial nesting sites, climate change, fruit orchards, mason bees, pollination

Abstract

Solitary bees pollinate wild plants and crops. In the temperate zone, they mainly pollinate fruit trees. Most species nest in the soil, but mason bees nest in wooden cavities above ground. Their presence in orchards can be augmented by provision of artificial nesting sites. Two species of mason bees frequently use these artificial nesting opportunities in Central Europe. The red mason bee (Osmia bicornis) is the most common species in this region, which preferentially collects pollen from oak trees. The European orchard bee (Osmia cornuta) prefers pollen from fruit trees, but it is more thermophilic. Its spread to higher altitudes can be expected in response to climate change. A breeding technology based on detachable wooden nests is summarized in this paper based on a literature review and experimental experience in fruit orchards in Czechia.

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Published

2022-06-26

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Section

Articles